Quartz lamp



1,582 849 K. MENSING QUARTZ LAMP F11ed AuguSt 24, 1921 Pofenfod Apf. 27,1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFICE.

Be it knoWn thot I, K4RB MBNNo, ol oitizen of the (}erInon. epub1io,Tesiding of fIonou-on-the-ffoin, Gefnlany, h8vo invent ed ceftain nea11(1 11sofl11 IIn roveInentS in QnortZ Lm S; ond I do hefoby declorot11e.fonovving to be o fu11, olear, and exact descfi tion of theinvention, Such os Wi11 enb1e othefS Skilled in the ort to vVhioh it1)eI'ta iI1S to nloke and 11Se the Son1e.

The resent invention felates to quoftz lampS of lamps em loying mefouryvopof in thei1' 1ig11t eInitting portion, nd has to do portion1r1y vvithtlle oonsffuotion ond affangen1ent of the electfode ohonlberS P1'o videdat eithef end of tho body Portion of the lamp.

SncCeSSfn1 operation of lalT1PS of thiS t) I)e haS been attained by thesocalled high I)res Sufe nlefho(1. Tht iS, the apP1ied voltoge iSfelatively high oIld, after aJn igT1ition Pe riod laSting ap roxinlate1ffoIn teI1 to fif feen n1innteS during Tvhic the efIicie11oy ofoperation is felatively 1ovv, tho 1n1 vvi11 Operate continnonSly vvithIniniII111In povver consnmption ond of nlaxiInun1 eioienoy. SerionSobiection to thiS ty o of loInI), hovv evef, iS the eXtent of t11e iition period dnfing Which tiIne the illun11nation of tho lan1 iS veryoor and only gr8du11y i11 oreaSeS to itS roPeI' v1ue.

It iS oocord1ngly 8 pfinci a1 obieot of the reSent invention to providequartz lamp of the above ty e i11 vvhich tho durotion of the ignitionefiod may, in oon1 ri Son vith the laInPS hithefto in 11Se, be n1aterially diIniniShed, i11 fadot be reduoed by Inore than one h1f.

The invention iS based on the )riIloi le tht the SatiSfaotory and Enaleconon1 volne in quartZ laTn )s o eTated by the hig fesSure IIlethod iSnot ttaJined ti11 the PresSofe of the va or is sI1ff loieI1tly high, butthe vaPor reSSnre iS in t11rn a function of t11e teIn peratllTe of theII1e1'cI1ry t11at is, it riseS in accordance vvith the degree to vvhichthe nercllry iS heated. In order to ttin o high vpof pfeSSufe vvithinthe 1Tlp aS ra idly aS poSSible it iS neceSSary that the quantity ofIIleroIlry contained in the 19Inp he heted LS qnick]y aS )oSSible. I h efoI1nd that thiS effeof Iny be SeotIred by eInploying a. SInalleI'quantity of Inefoury than iS con1monly USed, by reaSon of Whioh it ispoSSible to eifect a reduotion in the length SurfaceS.

f1he ignition pefiod of opproxiin tely ono Tho iovention is bSed on the)riIloi1)lo thot the moximnm ecienoy of the hm is not ottoined untiltllo vopof )reSSure of tho nleroury reaches certain volue, 81ld thotthiS s ec1fied vo of pfessufe iS dependont 11pon tle teInperatufe of thon1efoufy nd is not ained unti] t11e ten1peroture of tho body of Inercufyvvithin the lonlp iS Suioiontly hih, hofeduction in the quontit ofn1eroory connot, hovvever, be effeoted irectly os by mefely diIniniShingthe sizo of the ofdinoTy eleotrodo chan1berS, SiI1ce snoh feduotionWould Tesult in a feStriction of the oooling In order to keep theeleotrodeS of a suoient1y loW temperatufe it iS neces sofy that the Smecooling ofeo be preSented as vvould be tlle caSe if the quantity of 1efonry Were not feduced.

focording to nly invention the Inefoury Within the Cothode veSSe1 iSfofmed into o thin layer odiacenf the innef Suffaces of tho veSSel,pfeferably by spaoing Withi11 the veSSe1 o `q1aftZ tube vv}1ich o1InoStloo1I1 )1ote ly fi11S the space availoble. The anode veS- Sel is Snp liedvith o111 a. SInall quantity of 1TleI'o11ry and iS )fefefab1 pTovidedvvith o Snlo11 ovity of dePreSSlon 11ealI its point of attaohInent tothe body of the lomp, the vo111IIle ofthe cavity being Substantiallyequal to the voluIIle of ITlerc11f neceSSary to eect tho ignition of thelom by tilting.

1eduotion of the qllantity of n1ercury, beSideS having the effect ofshoftening the ig'I1ition eriod, has the fufther sobStantio1 odvantagethat the fiSk of^brekage ffoIn iInI)aot of the nleronfy dllringtr3I1SI)oft is great1 feduced, SiI1ce the nJosses ofe n1nch SInaller.ThiS odvantage iS Sti11 fI1rtheI' en hanced by the shape of theeleotrode veS SelS employed, eS eoiany by that of the othode vosSe1.

The draWingS TepreSent by Way of eXam le oeftain conStructioIlal forInSof bufners foI' quaftz laIn S, accofding to the invenf ioI1,

ig. 1 iS a 1ongitudinal sectiono1 viovv of naItz 1a111 and its electrodechambers eIn odying Iny invention; 1 ig. 2 iS o sec? tional viev thfoughthe cthode vesse1 taken on 1ine 22 of ig. 1; ig. 3 iS on elevationa1vievv 1ookiI1 froII1 the left of 1 ig. 1, ond Shovving the oonstrnctionof the -oI1o(lo fS Seen tllat the ourTent dropS ropidly and attainS itSfinal value in a re1tive1y S11oIt thne fto1 the beginning of theigT1ition pe- 1'iod, vhile t11e voltageottainS itS finol value in a liketi111e, Whioh I have found to be abouf fve II1inutes. The laIIlp thnSreacheS ifs n1nXin1oIn efficiency and illun1ination outpnt in L lengthof tiIne vhich iS ordinarily froIn HYe to ten 1nnnteS leSS thn tllat re(1Llired by lan1 S in con1nlon uSe at reSent.

vhi1e I have deScribed and illustrated a preferfed e11]bodiInent of nlyinvention, it is to be nndefStood that the conSffnotion Inay be variedithin t11e fu11 Scope of tho ap ended claimS. 4

I cloim= P 1. A quoftZ lalT1 of the clasS deSoribed coln riSing achamber fof oontaining the lnofcI11'y and an oleInent of felatively lowspecific heat occu ying o Snbstantial orfion of the space vithin Saidohamber and s aced fron1 the vvallS thereof, the InerouTy ocoo ying theren1ainder of tlle SI)aco vhefeby ln a Ineroury chaInber of givenexterna1 din1en SionS the total quantity of n1efcofy iS nlatefiaHydiIniniShed Without diIniniShing the heat transfefring Surface of thelaIn 2. f (111a1'tz laIn ooII1 riSing an eleotrode ve Sel, an eleInentof pooI' heat conduoting pfopeftieS diSPoSed vvithin Said veSSel and Saced from the WanS the1 eof to thereby forn1 3 IIleroufy ohaInbef offelatively SIna11 volnnlo aldiacent the vva11S of the voe1 Whereby t11emeroufy iS distributed to pre Sent lafge Supefoia1 afea aJdiacent tlleheat tranSferring sllffEce of the 1Inf to thereby l'educe the ignitioneriod o tfle lan] to ffoIn 5 to 8 IT1inuteS.

3. A va or eleotrio device coIn riSing an electrode veSSel hving a bodof Inefcurytlle1'eiI1, nd an eleIIlent of felatively 1oW S )eciHo heatositioned to di 1ace soIne of Said nleroufy vhi1e 1eaving os11bStantiany UnfeStricted paSSage betvveen the wall of the veSSe1 andSaid element, thereby forInihg a n1erCury ChaInber of relatively SInallvoluII1e within Said vesSe1 and diStributing the 1ner cufy in arelotively tllin lyer dicent the inne1' St1I fceS of Said eleotfodeveSSe1.

4. quartZ laIn coIT1 tising cothode vesSel, an evaouated (111o,rtz tubeoocupying 8. lorge I)ft of the space vvithin sai(1 veSSe1, and n1eanSfor Inaintaining Sai(1 tobe llnifofInly S ced froIn the inner vallS ofsoid veSSel, fhefeby forIIling a 1Tlero11ry ohaInber of Sn111 volu111eand oIn )le rodioting S11fface between Said veSSel an(f tobe.

5. In a quaftz laln coIn fising a cathode veSSe1, an evocnated quartztube ocoupying a large part of tho S ace Within Said vesSe1, and fuSodquaftz proieotions inteTpoSed be to eon said tube and the inner vvall ofSoid veSSe1, thereby oonStituting o Inefoury o118jII1- beI of sIn11volune and onifofn1 depth.

II1 teStimony Whefeof I X my Signottlfe.

. KBL MENSING.

lfo

